@inproceedings{simonjetz_crosslinguistic_2016,
title = {Crosslinguistic Annotation of {German} and {English} Shell Noun Complexes},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Natural Language Processing ({KONVENS})},
author = {Simonjetz, Fabian and Roussel, Adam},
year = {2016},
address = {Bochum, Germany},
pages = {265--278},
url = {https://www.linguistics.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/konvens16/pub/34_konvensproc.pdf},
abstract = {
This contribution involves the manual annotation of shell nouns and
their antecedents in a multilingual context. Shell nouns are
abstract nouns, which like pronouns are semantically incomplete and
derive their meanings from other parts of a text to which they
refer, often anaphorically. Unlike pronouns, shell nouns also
serve to characterize the content to which they refer. The
annotation schema we introduce allows for the annotation of shell
nouns along with their content and their translation in a parallel
text. This approach should enable the production of data on shell
nouns which encompasses various aspects of their behavior that have
not yet been investigated in detail, including the use of multiple
content phrases, nominalized content phrases, plural shell nouns
or crosslinguistic behavior.
}
}
@article{kolhatkar_anaphora_2018,
author = {Kolhatkar, Varada and Roussel, Adam and Dipper, Stefanie and Zinsmeister, Heike},
title = {Anaphora With Non-nominal Antecedents in Computational Linguistics: a Survey},
journal = {Computational Linguistics},
year = {2018},
volume = {44},
number = {3},
pages = {547--612},
month = sep,
issn = {0891-2017},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00327},
abstract = {
This article provides an extensive overview of the literature related
to the phenomenon of non-nominal-antecedent anaphora (also known as
abstract anaphora or discourse deixis), a type of anaphora
in which an anaphor like “that” refers to an antecedent (marked in
boldface) that is syntactically non-nominal, such as the
first sentence in “It’s way too hot here. That’s why I’m moving to
Alaska.” Annotating and automatically resolving these cases of
anaphora is interesting in its own right because of the
complexities involved in identifying non-nominal antecedents, which
typically represent abstract objects such as events, facts, and
propositions. There is also practical value in the resolution of
non-nominal-antecedent anaphora, as this would help computational
systems in machine translation, summarization, and question
answering, as well as, conceivably, any other task dependent on
some measure of text understanding.
Most of the existing approaches to anaphora annotation and
resolution focus on nominal-antecedent anaphora, classifying many
of the cases where the antecedents are syntactically non-nominal as
non-anaphoric. There has been some work done on this topic, but it
remains scattered and difficult to collect and assess. With this
article, we hope to bring together and synthesize work done in
disparate contexts up to now in order to identify fundamental
problems and draw conclusions from an overarching
perspective. Having a good picture of the current state of the art
in this field can help researchers direct their efforts to where
they are most necessary.
Because of the great variety of theoretical approaches that have
been brought to bear on the problem, there is an equally diverse
array of terminologies that are used to describe it, so we will
provide an overview and discussion of these terminologies. We also
describe the linguistic properties of non-nominal-antecedent
anaphora, examine previous annotation efforts that have addressed
this topic, and present the computational approaches that aim at
resolving non-nominal-antecedent anaphora automatically. We close
with a review of the remaining open questions in this area and some
of our recommendations for future research.
}
}
@inproceedings{roussel_detecting_2018,
address = {New Orleans, LA, USA},
title = {Detecting and Resolving Shell Nouns in {German}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the NAACL Workshop on Computational
Models of Reference, Anaphora, and Coreference ({CRAC})},
author = {Roussel, Adam},
year = {2018},
pages = {61--67},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/W18-0707},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/W18-0707.pdf},
abstract = {This paper describes the design and evaluation of a system for
the automatic detection and resolution of shell nouns in German. Shell
nouns are general nouns, such as fact, question, or problem, whose full
interpretation relies on a content phrase located elsewhere in a text,
which these nouns simultaneously serve to characterize and encapsulate. To
accomplish this, the system uses a series of lexico-syntactic patterns
in order to extract shell noun candidates and their content in
parallel. Each pattern has its own classifier, which makes the final
decision as to whether or not a link is to be established and the shell
noun resolved. Overall, about 26.2{\%} of the annotated shell noun
instances were correctly identified by the system, and of these cases,
about 72.5{\%} are assigned the correct content phrase. Though it remains
difficult to identify shell noun instances reliably (recall is
accordingly low in this regard), this system usually assigns
the right content to correctly classified cases. cases.}
}
@inproceedings{roussel_towards_2018,
title = {Towards the Automatic Resolution of Anaphora with
Non-nominal Antecedents: {Insights} from Annotation},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Natural
Language Processing ({KONVENS})},
author = {Roussel, Adam and Dipper, Stefanie and
Jablotschkin, Sarah and Zinsmeister, Heike},
year = {2018},
address = {Vienna, Austria},
url = {https://www.oeaw.ac.at/fileadmin/subsites/academiaecorpora/PDF/konvens18_21.pdf}
}
@misc{anselmcorpus2018,
title = {{Anselm} {Corpus} (Version 1.0)},
year = {2018},
version = {1.0},
author = {Stefanie Dipper and Simone Schultz-Balluff and Marcel Bollmann and Julia Krasselt and Florian Petran and Adam Roussel and Katrin Ortmann and Katharina Bort and Helena Wedig},
address = {Ruhr-Universität Bochum},
note = {ISLRN 568-178-806-856-4},
doi = {10.34644/laudatio-repository-lGjPd2oB6bp_h9NanoT7_1556788249},
shortdoi = {https://doi.org/q34g},
url = {https://linguistics.rub.de/anselm}
}
@inproceedings{ortmann-etal-2019-evaluating,
author = {Katrin Ortmann and Adam Roussel and Stefanie Dipper},
title = {Evaluating Off-the-Shelf {NLP} Tools for German},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th Conference on Natural Language Processing ({KONVENS} 2019): Long Papers},
year = {2019},
address = {Erlangen, Germany},
publisher = {German Society for Computational Linguistics \& Language Technology},
pages = {212--222}
}
@unpublished{coraxmlutils,
title = {{CorA-XML Utils}: Processing Diplomatic Transcriptions in Historical Corpora},
author = {Adam Roussel and Fabian Barteld and Katrin Ortmann},
address = {Hamburg, Germany},
year = {2020},
notes = {42. DGfS-Jahrestagung (CL-Postersession)}
}
@inproceedings{roussel-2023-lexical,
title = {Lexical Semantics with Vector Symbolic Architectures},
author = {Roussel, Adam},
editor = {Ilinykh, Nikolai and
Morger, Felix and
Dann{\'e}lls, Dana and
Dobnik, Simon and
Megyesi, Be{\'a}ta and
Nivre, Joakim},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Resources and
Representations for Under-Resourced Languages and Domains
(RE\-SOURCE\-FUL-2023)},
month = may,
year = {2023},
address = {T{\'o}rshavn, the Faroe Islands},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2023.resourceful-1.8/},
pages = {53--61}
}
@inproceedings{dipper-etal-2024-guidelines,
title = {Guidelines for the Annotation of Deliberate Linguistic Metaphor},
author = {Dipper, Stefanie and
Roussel, Adam and
Wiemann, Alexandra and
Kim, Won and
Nguyen, Tra-My},
editor = {Ghosh, Debanjan and
Muresan, Smaranda and
Feldman, Anna and
Chakrabarty, Tuhin and
Liu, Emmy},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Figurative Language Processing (FigLang 2024)},
month = jun,
year = {2024},
address = {Mexico City, Mexico (Hybrid)},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2024.figlang-1.7/},
doi = {10.18653/v1/2024.figlang-1.7},
pages = {53--58}
}
@dataset{RousselEtAl2024,
author = {Adam Roussel and Thomas Klein and Stefanie Dipper and Klaus-Peter
Wegera and Claudia Wich-Reif},
title = {Referenzkorpus Mittelhochdeutsch (1050--1350)},
year = {2024},
version = {2.1},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.12825871},
note = {ISLRN 937-948-254-174-0},
url = {https://linguistics.rub.de/rem}
}
@inproceedings{roussel-2024-tabular,
title = {Tabular {JSON}: A Proposal for a Pragmatic Linguistic Data Format},
author = {Roussel, Adam},
editor = {Luz de Araujo, Pedro Henrique and
Baumann, Andreas and
Gromann, Dagmar and
Krenn, Brigitte and
Roth, Benjamin and
Wiegand, Michael},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024)},
month = sep,
year = {2024},
address = {Vienna, Austria},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2024.konvens-main.19/},
pages = {166--172}
}
@inproceedings{roussel-2024-adapting,
title = {Adapting Measures of Literality for Use with Historical Language Data},
author = {Roussel, Adam},
editor = {H{\"a}m{\"a}l{\"a}inen, Mika and
{\"O}hman, Emily and
Miyagawa, So and
Alnajjar, Khalid and
Bizzoni, Yuri},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Natural Language Processing for Digital Humanities},
month = nov,
year = {2024},
address = {Miami, USA},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2024.nlp4dh-1.20/},
doi = {10.18653/v1/2024.nlp4dh-1.20},
pages = {209--215}
}
@article{dipper_guidelines_2025,
title = {Guidelines zur {Annotation} von deliberaten {Metaphern}},
author = {Dipper, Stefanie and Wiemann, Alexandra and Roussel, Adam},
copyright = {https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0},
url = {https://omp.ub.rub.de/index.php/metaphorpapers/catalog/book/445},
language = {de},
urldate = {2026-03-18},
journal = {Metaphor Papers},
month = nov,
year = {2025},
doi = {10.46586/mp.445}
}
@inproceedings{roussel2026-vsatreebank,
title = {Fast and Flexible Example-based Treebank Search with Vector Symbolic Architectures},
author = {Roussel, Adam},
year = {2026},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Structured Linguistic Data and Evaluation at {LREC}},
address = {Palma de Mallorca, Spain},
pages = {to appear}
}
@inproceedings{haiber2026,
title = {Domain-Specific Considerations in the Preparation of Specialized
Corpora: A Case Study on a Corpus of {German} Sermons},
author = {Haiber, Cora and Roussel, Adam and Dipper, Stefanie},
year = {2026},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Structured Linguistic Data and Evaluation at {LREC}},
address = {Palma de Mallorca, Spain},
pages = {to appear}
}
@phdthesis{roussel2026-thesis,
title = {Diachronic Sense Embeddings as a Resource for Metaphor
Annotation in Historical Corpora},
author = {Roussel, Adam},
institution = {Ruhr-Universität Bochum},
year = {2026},
pages = {to appear}
}
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